Car fans embrace performance, style, tech and many aspects of automobiles that fly under the radar. Among these fans are those who flock to displays of solid lifter cars … and for many of those fans, it is as much about the history and the cars, as the process and tech.

The dry tech answer to what solid lifters are is that they are solid pieces of metal between the cam lobe and pushrod. This type of valvetrain needs gaps between components to allow for thermal expansion. The lifter is the link between the camshaft and the pushrod. Because metal expands when it is heated, the link needs to be adjustable. Relating to lifters, the terms “hydraulic” and “solid” refer to the way the lifter handles this need for adjustment. Hydraulic Lifters, which are the norm today, automatically adjust. They have a spring-loaded plunger inside. As the engine runs, the body of the lifter fills with oil. The spring and oil allow the plunger to move up and down as needed.

Why is it a big deal? Brian Henderson, who began doing automotive restorations 30 years ago, and who is co-owner of Super Car Workshop, is a driving force behind the annual Solid Lifter Showroom, showcased in the Carlisle GM Nationals at Carlisle (PA) Fairgrounds. Henderson said, “Fans want to see the original cars that made horsepower history more than 50 years ago. They want to see the ’60s Camaros, the ’70 Chevelle and the grandpappies of muscle cars. These fans are the nostalgic older guys who had those cars in their heydays and the younger fans who understand the grandness of what made automotive history.”

What was the difference between solid lifter cars and hydraulic lifter cars and how does it tie in the General Motors? Henderson said, “A solid lifter cam rides on a film of oil, lets the rpms rev higher and generates more horsepower – or did, in the old days --  than a hydraulic that adjusts to work in more harmony and generates a lower rpm with less compression and lesser cam profile. Nostalgically, it was all about the horsepower – more with solid lifters – and the Hi-po cars that employed them. Today, hydraulic roller cam setups create less friction but carry spring pressure to provide all the horsepower you can imagine, putting today’s solid lifter programs in the dust. But historically and nostalgically, muscle car enthusiasts were all about solid lifters.”

How that fits into General Motors is that GM was in the forefront of the muscle car and pony car wars with solid lifter-endowed street beasts. Muscle cars were kings of the streets from 1964 through 1974, but the first muscle car might be traced back to the 1949 Oldsmobile Rocket 88 from GM. During the glory muscle years, GM was a solid lifter icon with such horsepower-heroes as the 1964 Pontiac Tempest GTO, followed by Impala SS 409, Pontiac Catalina 421, Olds Jetfire, Olds 442, Olds 455, Chevy Camaros, Pontiac Firebirds and GTOs, Chevy Novas and Chevelles, Buick GSX and Gran Sport, and more. 

Two hp heroes that were smoking then and have gained stature among fans today, are the Yenko Camaros and COPO Camaros.

COPO Camaros -- Central Office Production Order -- were specialty vehicles with low production volumes, initially created by finding a loophole to circumvent limitations GM placed on Chevy’s performance vehicles. The result was a powerful, street-legal machine that exceeded expectations and has become a coveted vehicle among collectors. These were Hi-po models without peer. 

Don Yenko a racer and owner of Yenko Chevrolet in Canonsburg, PA launched the program when he placed a factory order for 201 Camaros as he envisioned they should be built: with more powerful engines. In previous years, he had ordered Camaros and swapped out the engines himself, but in 1969, he began the COPO 9561 program, prompting other dealerships that caught on to the special ordering system to begin the COPO 9560 program. The Yenkos and COPOs will be among the vehicles on display at the Solid Lifter Showroom, in this year’s Carlisle GM Nationals. 

Henderson said, “After restoring cars and seeing how legit cars from the 1960s and ’70s fascinate the public, my partner, Joe Swezey and I approached Carlisle Events about 15 years ago to do a show spotlighting solid lifter cream of crop Chevelles, Novas and Camaros. Carlisle’s Event Manager at the time – Rick Markko – had me do a full pitch and when convinced, he gave me full reign, which included getting lifts to put cars in the air. We stuffed 32 cars in the building and grassroots support took off and gained following every year since.”

What does Henderson look for before reaching out to fill the building with exciting cars? He said, “I want rough, but legit cars. I want a real Yenko, not a clone. If it is rusty and banged up, that’s great. If it is shiny and restored, that’s OK too, as long as the parts are real. If it is legit … there’s room for your car. I am open to what I hear from fans and Carlisle has fans call them about cars they want to see displayed. And if I see an exciting car in a magazine, I seek them out. We reach out to collectors and contacts and we often hear from the public with treasure finds.”

This year’s display will showcase the legendary No. 11 first 4-speed ZL1 COPO Camaro, a 1969 Z28 Yenko Camaro, restored Z28s, rare Impalas, vintage drag cars and many more.

You can see the Solid Lifter Showroom in Building Y at the 2021 GM Nationals, June 25-26, as well as more than 1000 vehicles of all GM badges past and present, from classics to the modern 6th Generation Camaro.

Visit www.CarlisleEvents.com for more on the automotive hobby.
Mike Blake, former editor of KIT CAR magazine, joined Carlisle Events as senior automotive journalist in 2004. He's been a "car guy" since the 1960s and has been writing professionally for about 30 years.

So your in the market for a classic car.  Like any major purchase, doing your homework is imperative, but just in case your buddy with a killer set of tools gives you a hot tip about a cool car sitting on a lot or just waiting to be scooped up on line, here's a short list to help you understand exactly what you'll likely hear.



Barn find = Needs more money thrown at it than it’s worth to us.

Matching numbers = The vin matches the title. Does it match the car?

100% Original and restored = huh?

Great floors = ridiculously applied amount of undercoat.

Investment grade = If you buy it for this price, your grade is “F”.

1 of (insert single digit here) = OK, so there were thousands of these made, but this is the only brown mustard colored, bench seat and radio delete car we have.

Completely documented = Reproduction owner’s manual included.

Stored in a private display for years = someone’s garage.

Less than XXXX miles on the odometer = since it seized up the last time.

Exceptionally original = we threw dirt on it.

Refreshed = power washed engine bay and added new pine tree air freshener.

Completely gone through = We couldn’t find the leak.

Factory correct = Every body panel has been replaced at least once but the paint color looks like something from the era.

The mileage on the clock is believed to be original = Probably not, but that’s what we’re saying.

Meticulously maintained by previous owner = They changed the oil once before listing for sale, never in the five years prior though.

Comes with service history = We found a receipt.

Undoubtedly = we don’t know. Trust us.

Two owner car = None of the previous brokers titled it over the last six years.

Original patina = as opposed to new patina?

Believed original = See “undoubtedly”.

Complete concours restoration last year by a famous restorer. = Don’t ask us who, we have no idea.

Frame off = quite an accomplishment with unibody cars.

Long history = We found more than one receipt.

NO RESERVE = What they meant was reservoir.. The car rolls but won’t stop.

Priced to move = It’s been on our lot for years and still no interest.

Photos (except for the one within the story) and text courtesy of JP Emerson and JPEmerson.com, automotive writer and host of the JP Emerson Show podcast.  That photo...a Google image from a Muppet Movie.     

About the Author:  JP Emerson is an award winning author & journalist whose bylines appeared in many of the most popular automotive magazines in the country. JP covers classic muscle cars and the people who own them with real stories from real owners relating everything from ownership, car shows, music, road trips and what everyone has in common regardless of brand.

Cars bring people together!  It doesn’t matter if it’s a large-scale car show, parking lot cruise in, or a drive down Main Street U.S.A., when automotive art is present, people pay attention.  For 2021, Carlisle Events is proud to share that in conjunction with the Downtown Carlisle Association, two marquee events return to the main streets of America’s Automotive Hometown, Carlisle, Pennsylvania. 

Those events; the Ford Parade and Street Party and Chip Miller Memorial Corvette Parade happen June 5 and August 28 at 7 p.m. respectively and are back after a one-year COVID hiatus.  Parades in 2021 are presented by M&T Bank.  The premise of both see registered participants from the Carlisle Ford Nationals presented by Meguiar’s and Corvettes at Carlisle presented by Top Flight Automotive cruise from the Carlisle PA Fairgrounds into the streets and square of downtown Carlisle.  The best spots for parade viewing are from the intersection of Carlisle Springs Rd./Route 34 and North Hanover St. through downtown and along Main St. near the Courthouse.  From there, parade participants park, while the community mixes and mingles with them and their show cars.

In addition, bringing cars and people into the downtown area has historically been an economic boom for the businesses that line North Hanover St., Pomfret St. and High St.  Part of the mixing and mingling process means shopping in stores that may not otherwise be open later on a Saturday or checking out a restaurant that might not be a common stop for those who attend.  The parades are also a large fundraising source for the DCA itself, so much so that after years of hosting the Corvette parade (launched in 1988), the Ford parade commenced in 2011.  Each have occurred annually since (other than 2020).

“The Downtown Carlisle Association/LoveCarlisle is happy to have these parades returning to our wonderful downtown again,” noted DCA President Glenn White.  “This partnership brings millions of dollars into downtown every year and it shows commitment from our regional stakeholders, like Bill Miller and Lance Miller of Carlisle Events who champion support in the community annually,” continued White.  “This is a time where you can see great American engineering and re-live personal memories through these great cars in a historic downtown.  Come down early and stay late!  Sip, shop and stroll to visit your favorite store or explore a new restaurant.  Plus enjoy the sounds of downtown and this amazing tradition that has become an annual part of the downtown.  These are all reasons why you will LoveCarlisle!”

Parade registration is an available add-on when registering for the respective events online at CarlisleEvents.com or by calling 717-243-7855.  Parade fees go directly to the DCA, who will also be on-site during Ford and Corvette weekend to sign guests up in person, while slots remain.  The Carlisle Ford Nationals run June 4-6, while Corvettes at Carlisle runs August 26-28.  Complete details about both events are available via the aforementioned web page.

The 2021 Carlisle Import & Performance Nationals wasn’t exactly a record-breaking show but, in some ways, it did make history.  While the 1,800+ show cars weren’t quite a record, it was the third largest turnout in the event’s six-year history. The weekend was also filled with more activities than ever, spectacular weather and a crowd that was arguably more enthusiastic than ever. For the first time since the two unique shows (Performance & Style and Import & Kit Nationals) were combined six years ago, it truly felt like one event.

Those who come to Carlisle run the gamut, offering new imports and domestics, mixing perfectly with classic, rare and unique rides, also spanning the globe.  In fact, the “world” is showcased on the Showfield, as cars are parked by country of origin, parsed by country specific flags, passport checkpoints and ambassadors dressed in country specific apparel.  The best part about it might not be the cars themselves, but the car clubs and car lovers who come together to share a mutual admiration for these automotive works of art…and that’s exactly what happened at Carlisle.

For nearly two full days there were displays, seminars and even a marriage proposal (she said yes, by the way).  The cars didn’t just show, they were in motion with competitions, drifting, and autocross, too.  Friday saw the first cars in motion, as NICOClub.com hosted its annual NICOFest.  From 8 a.m. through the end of the day, cars were carving corners and sliding sideways.  Meanwhile, mid-afternoon Friday also saw 25 cars zip up the hill on the east side of the grounds with round one of the rolling exhaust contest. 

At 4 p.m. Friday the Manx Club put their Dune Buggies in motion with a parade lap around the grounds and even helped wrap up the day with a touching tribute to Dune Buggy inventor, Bruce Meyers.  Bruce’s wife, Winnie, joined the club as they came together to honor his legacy by way of a special video presentation, food, drinks and more.  The Manx crew even rallied the largest-ever Dune Buggy turnout, with over 40 converging on Carlisle.

On Saturday, it was non-stop automotive thrills and culinary treats.  Cars were rolling on and off grounds all day, plus many food vendors offered a taste of the world by way of a dish or two specific to a country represented on grounds.  Round two of rolling exhaust and the finals happened, as did drift limbo and the low car limbo.  The buggies weren’t the only group to enjoy a parade lap, as the Opel Club, hosting their national meet at the event, rolled around grounds around 11 a.m.  Additional awards were doled out over the course of the weekend too, including coolest club, largest club and a handful of Carlisle Elite awards.

As the final day of the 2021 offering concluded, awards were posted for those who participated in professional judging.  eJudged.com was back at it this year, offering their expertise to a few hundred car owners.  Those who didn’t win still had the chance to talk with the judges to better their chances for future considerations.

The 2022 version of the event is happening May 13-14 and registration for it is now open.  Up next for Carlisle Events is the Carlisle Ford Nationals presented by Meguiar’s June 4-6.  For details on this event, advanced arrival/COVID-19 compliance information or to check out the winner’s list and photos from Import & Performance weekend, visit CarlisleEvents.com.

On the surface, motorsports appears to be a male-dominated domain, but there have been plenty of women who have made their marks on the scene and behind the scenes, especially within the Ford sphere (or oval) of influence.

Often left unreported, women have been involved in automobile racing from the beginning of racing’s early days -- on the track, in the pits, and behind the scenes. From Detroit to Daytona, and from Indy to Le Mans and Sebring, women have earned their stripes and checkered flags, and the list reads like a motorsports who’s-who regardless of gender. Drivers such as Michele Mouton – World Rally Championship and Le Mans; Vicki Wood -- The first female to ever to drive in NASCAR; Maria Teresa de Filippis – Formula One; Sara Christian – NASCAR; Janet Guthrie – Indy and NASCAR; Sarah Fisher – Indy car driver and team owner; Donna Mae Mims – SCCA; Brittany, Courtney, and Ashley Force – NHRA; and many more.

Among those women who have been pioneers and winners on the track are a slew of Blue Oval drivers who brought thrills and skills to races while driving Fords.

There are many Blue Oval racing women who have earned due respect, but a few of the most memorable and skillful drivers include the following.

Danica Patrick -- Arguably one of the faces of motorsports in the first two decades of this century, Danica Patrick drove Formula Fords and NASCAR Fords, was 2005 Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year and raced in 191 NASCAR races. She was the first female to win an Indy Car series race, first female to win a pole position in both Indy Car and NASCAR series, and one of only 14 racers, male or female to lead a both the Indianapolis 500 and Daytona 500. She got her start with Ford backing in the United Kingdom, racing Formula Fords, and drove Ford Fusions in NASCAR races, including the No. 10  Ford Warriors Pink Fusion NASCAR racecar for Breast Cancer Awareness month, marking Ford’s decades-long commitment to raising awareness and funds in the fight against the disease.

Lyn St. James – The first woman to win the Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the year Award, Lyn St. James raced SCCA TransAm, IMSA GT, CART and Indy Racing League races and won at the 24 Hours of Daytona and the 12 Hours at Sebring. She is the only woman to win an IMSA GT race driving solo, when she won in 1988 at Watkins Glen, and she became the first woman driver to reach over 200 mph on a racetrack. For the majority of her career she drove a Ford Mustang, and she used a Ford Thunderbird to break a closed course record for women with 227.32 mph. She often raced driving Mercury Capris Ford Cosworths, and Ford Mustangs.

Shirley Muldowney – “The First Lady of Drag Racing” in the NHRA, Shirley “Cha-Cha” Muldowney began street racing in New York as a teen-ager and competed in Top Gas dragsters before switching to Funny Cars. She won the International Hot Rod Association Southern Nationals in 1971, and she was a three-time NHRA Top Fuel Dragster Champion in 1977, 1980 and 1982. Her first nitro car was a Mustang-bodied, Chrysler-powered Funny Car she bought from Connie Kalitta and raced Mustangs and Mustang bodies for most of her career.

Denise McCluggage – A driver who fought for equality in motorsports and automotive journalism as well, Denise McCluggage, wearing her iconic polka-dot helmet won her class at the 12 Hours of Sebring in 1961, driving a Ferrari 250 GT SWB. McCluggage also scored another class win at the Monte Carlo Rally in a Ford Falcon in 1964 with her teammate, English rally driver, Anne Hall. She also helped launch Autoweek magazine and won the Ken W. Purdy Award for excellence in automotive journalism, among other journalism awards.

Hailie Deegan --  One of the new faces of racing is female driving phenom Hailie Deegan, who was signed by Ford Performance for ARCA racing. The 19-year-old Deegan is currently driving Ford F-150s in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, piloting the No. 1 Ford F-150 for David Gilliland Racing. Deegan grew up racing off-road and on dirt, but transitioned to competing on asphalt in 2016 to pursue a career in stock car racing. She began her career in NASCAR in 2018 in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series West, and she became the first female driver to win races in the West Series, doing so in 2018 and 2019. To date, Hailie Deegan is the ONLY female ever to compete in the Lucas Oil Off Road Series and in 2016, she was named the circuit's Driver of the Year.

Deegan, will be making an appearance at Carlisle Ford Nationals on Saturday, June 5. You can meet Deegan and get her autograph at the Carlisle Ford Nationals presented by Meguiar's.  As noted, she's at the event on June 5, while the full event itself runs June 4-6 at the Carlisle (PA) Fairgrounds. The Carlisle Ford Nationals is the largest all-Ford show in the world, and features more than 3,200 cars – Ford, Lincoln, Mercury and Euro Fords -- on National Parts Depot Showfield. Deegan is scheduled to appear Saturday, June 5.

> Visit www.CarlisleEvents.com for more on the automotive hobby.

Mike Blake, former editor of KIT CAR magazine, joined Carlisle Events as senior automotive journalist in 2004. He's been a "car guy" since the 1960s and has been writing professionally for about 30 years. </I>